Basic Life Support (PCR new protocol)

On many occasions, a accident may cause stoppage of the respiratory system and it is not capable of delivering air to the lungs to place the exchange of gases between the oxygen and carbon dioxide carbnono. In pulmonary alveolar does not get oxygen through the blood and, therefore, cells run out of supply for their processes. Depending on the situation and the person, if they pass between 3 the 5 minutes this lack of oxygen eventually causing cardiac arrest and consequently death. The human brain can not develop lesions in the absence of oxygen a approximate time 5-6 minutes. From here, neuronal degeneration begins that lasts about 4-5 minutes. This is a situation clinical death and may be reversible if you get oxygen to the brain in these initial minutes. After this time, brain cells die and this is irreversible. Occurs biological death or actual death of the victim.

The causes by which a person reaches this type of situation are diverse but the main ones:

• Drowning
• Lack of oxygen in the medium
• Toxic Gases (p.ej high concentration of carbon monoxide, sulfur,…)
• Foreign bodies in the airways
• Acute asthma
• Anaphylaxis or other states of shock
• Electrocution
• Heart attack
• Head trauma or chest
• Loss of consciousness (eg fainting, heatstroke,…) the lost muscle tone in the tongue or throat and obstructs the pharynx.
• Drug overdose and certain drugs

Recommended Action Protocol to respiratory arrest:

• Prevention: It removes that danger threatening the victim and the person who provides support or assistance. Do not ever leave the victim alone.
• Assessment of consciousness.
• Notice: Be warned people contact closer and activate the chain of relief to attend medical support as soon as possible.
• Assess existence of respiratory arrest. Be checked pulse and respiration visually by simply observing the movement of the rib cage and, for safety, leaning against our face to notice it and feel about. It is the breathing, then placed in a safe position (PLS) and wait for the arrival of emergency services.
• Place the victim in position of cardiopulmonary resuscitation or supine on a surface as smooth and hard as possible.
• The person doing support sit kneeling beside the victim up to the collarbone.
• It checks for foreign that can clog the air passage. Sometimes, in road accidents victims have crystals inside the mouth or other object. Should be withdrawn by movement of a hook with your index finger and without cause as much trauma as possible.
• With open the airway by head tilt-chin, controlling the cervical spine and in the case that there is spinal cord injury can aggravate the situation.
• Is again Check that the victim is not breathing. If not breathing, stop the risk of cardio-respiratory system is very high. Therefore, should be checked the pulse of the carotid artery in the neck.
• Starts new CPR protocol that provides artificial ventilation by expired air (containing about 15-18% oxygen) and swelling to the victim, combined with a series of chest massage.

Now, To boot the Basic Life Support protocol or CPR are in these situations:

• Unconscious
• No breathing
• No pulse

Basic Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR Protocol)

And the person placed supine (pulled up and arms extended along the body), locate the point of compression is located at the bottom right where the ribs meet the breastbone.

The person doing support place his index and middle fingers together compression point. On these two fingers, will place the heel of your other hand on the lower third of sternum. Now, the heel of the first hand is placed over the second and interlock your fingers. The person is ready for support.

To compress, be done with the arms rigid but without force. The person who helps vertical load of your body weight on the arms and compress the selected point.

The new CPR protocol The following frequency sets:

30 COMPRESSIONS (initials)

2 INSUFLACIONES

The pace is set 100 compressions / minute, although American Heart Association is redefining again the pattern. The 2 breaths or vents can be made as follows: insufflation, maneuver forehead chin and second blowing air between or among.

The process of breathing or word of mouth requires:

• Open airway
• Cover the victim's nose with the hand holding the front so as not to exhaust the air that we are providing.
• Check that the chest rises in inflation
• Let the air breathed as he turns to inspire for the second inflation.

Is a PDF on CPR which made available the Spanish Red Cross for those interested in learning this technique vital to saving lives.